Disability

Definition

Disability refers to a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. It can also describe the state of being impaired, either temporarily or permanently, due to injury, illness, or congenital conditions.

Parts of Speech

• Noun

Pronunciation

American English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/
• Respelling: dis-uh-BIL-i-tee

British English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti/
• Respelling: dis-uh-BIL-i-tee

The pronunciation of "disability" is identical in both American and British English.

Etymology

The word "disability" comes from the Middle English term "disable," meaning "to make unable," which is derived from the Latin "dis-" meaning "apart" or "away" and "habilitas" meaning "ability." It evolved in the 16th century to refer to a lack of ability due to physical or mental impairment.

Derivatives

• Disabled (adjective)
• Disabling (adjective)
• Disability-friendly (adjective)
• Disabilities (noun, plural)
• Disable (verb)

Synonyms

• Impairment
• Handicap
• Incapacity

Antonyms

• Ability
• Fitness
• Capability

Usage

The term "disability" is used in medical, legal, and social contexts to describe physical, cognitive, or emotional limitations. It covers a wide range of conditions, from physical disabilities, such as paralysis or blindness, to mental disabilities, such as developmental disorders or psychiatric conditions. The term can refer to both temporary and permanent impairments, and it is used to frame discussions around accessibility, equality, and inclusion.

Related Terms

• Impairment: A reduction in physical or mental function.
• Inclusion: The practice of including people with disabilities in society and activities.
• Accessibility: The design of products, services, or environments for people with disabilities.

Detailed Definitions

Noun

• A physical or mental condition that limits activities: Refers to any condition that restricts an individual's physical or cognitive abilities.
  • Example: "She has a visual disability and requires assistance."
• A legal or social state of being disabled: Describes the recognition or classification of a person as disabled in legal or societal terms, often involving eligibility for support or accommodations.
  • Example: "He applied for disability benefits after the accident."