Hard

Definition

Hard is an adjective and adverb. As an adjective, it describes something that is firm, solid, or difficult to break or penetrate. It can also refer to something requiring great effort or being difficult to endure. As an adverb, it means with a lot of effort or intensity.

Parts of Speech

• Adjective
• Adverb

Pronunciation

American English

• IPA Pronunciation: /hɑrd/
• Respelling: HARD

British English

• IPA Pronunciation: /hɑːd/
• Respelling: HAHD

Etymology

The word "hard" originates from Old English "heard," meaning "firm, solid, or tough," derived from Proto-Germanic "*harduz" and Proto-Indo-European "*kert-" meaning "strong" or "to strike."

Derivatives

• Hardness (noun)
• Hardly (adverb)
• Harden (verb)
• Hardship (noun)
• Hardliner (noun)

Synonyms

• Solid
• Firm
• Challenging

Antonyms

• Soft
• Easy
• Gentle

Usage

The word "hard" is versatile and used in various contexts. As an adjective, it describes physical toughness ("The rock is hard") or difficulty ("The exam was hard"). As an adverb, it emphasizes effort or intensity, as in "He worked hard to achieve his goals."

Related Terms

• Difficulty: The state of being hard to do or accomplish.
• Firmness: The quality of being solid or unyielding.
• Effort: The use of energy to accomplish something.

Detailed Definitions

Adjective

• Firm, solid, or rigid in texture: Describes a physical property.
  • Example: "The concrete was hard after it dried."
• Requiring great effort or endurance: Refers to difficulty in accomplishing a task or dealing with a situation.
  • Example: "The hike through the mountains was hard work."
• Harsh or severe: Refers to situations or conditions that are difficult to endure.
  • Example: "The winter was particularly hard on the crops."

Adverb

• With a lot of effort or force: Refers to doing something with intensity or vigor.
  • Example: "He worked hard to complete the project."
• Firmly or strongly: Describes the manner in which something is done.
  • Example: "She pressed hard against the door to close it."