Terrorism

Definition

Terrorism refers to the systematic use of terror, especially as a means of coercion, where terror is exemplified by violence or the threat of violence perpetrated against civilian targets to achieve political, ideological, religious, or socio-cultural objectives.

Parts of Speech

• Noun

Pronunciation

American English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ˈtɛrəˌrɪzəm/
• Respelling: TER-uh-riz-uhm (with "TER" as in "terrible," "uh" as a schwa sound like the 'a' in "sofa," "riz" as in "rise" with a 'z,' and "uhm" as in "rhythm")

British English

• IPA Pronunciation: /ˈtɛrərɪzəm/
• Respelling: TER-uh-riz-uhm (similar to American English, with "TER" as in "terrible," "uh" as in "sofa," "riz" like in "rise" with a 'z,' and "uhm" as in "rhythm")

In both dialects, "terrorism" is pronounced with the primary stress on the first syllable, "TER." The pronunciation is consistent between American and British English, highlighting the word's clear structure and stress pattern.

Etymology

The word "terrorism" is derived from the French word terrorisme, which is rooted in the Latin verb terrēre (to frighten). The term was initially used to describe the actions of the state during the reign of terror in the French Revolution. Over time, it evolved to describe violent actions carried out by non-state actors for political or other ideological purposes.

Derivatives

• Terrorist (noun, adjective)
• Terroristic (adjective)
• Terrorize (verb)
• Anti-terrorism (noun)
• Counterterrorism (noun)

Synonyms

• Extremism
• Insurgency
• Militancy

Antonyms

None

Usage

• Terrorism is employed to discuss acts of violence or intimidation intended to spread fear and coerce certain actions or inactions within a broader population or governmental bodies.
• The term is often used in political, social, and legal discourse to categorize and condemn violent acts that aim at destabilization for the advancement of particular goals.

Related Terms

• Terror
• Extremist
• Insurgent
• Radicalism

Detailed Definition

Noun

• Political Violence: The use or threat of violence to create a climate of fear in a population, in order to promote political, ideological, religious, or social objectives.
• Example: The government has ramped up its counterterrorism efforts to prevent acts of terrorism on national soil.

• Terror-inducing Actions: Any act committed by individuals or groups that employs terror as a means of coercion, even if not politically motivated.
• Example: The series of bombings were acts of terrorism aimed at destabilizing the government.